Move the cursor over the pictures to see the results of treatment.

Patient 1
				Problem: Marked upper jaw and tooth protrusion with crowding in the upper and lower and small upper lateral incisors. Solution: Headgear to minimise the upper protrusion then extraction in the upper to alleviate the crowding with braces.   Notes: Upper small lateral incisors were built up by the dentist.
Patient 2
				Problem:Crowding with Convex soft tissue and jaw bones.  Solution:Headgear and functional to begin, then evaluation for extraction using utility arches to manage space and finish non extraction.   Notes: Teeth forward but acceptable.
Patient 3
				Problem: Marked crowding and bottom jaw back. Solution: Expansion plate for a few months followed by functional appliance worn at night until all permanent teeth erupted and then braces to align the teeth.   Notes: The first phase of treatment improved the bite and brought the bottom jaw forward.
Patient 4
				Problem: Marked jaw discrepancy with the bottom jaw back and excess overjet . Solution: Expansion followed by functional appliance and headgear to decrease the bottom jaw retrusion and upper jaw protrusion; then braces for a short time to achieve an ideal alignment. Note: The first phase of treatment almost resulted in no further treatment being required, with a marked improvement of the relationship.